Hello Aspirants, In this chapter we will deal with " History of Computer in English "
History of Computer is an important topic under which many questions are asked in various competitive exams, thus please go through this topic.
Under history of computer, we will see various stages of advancement in technology in development of computer.
ABACUS
- Invented By BABYLONIA in 2400 B.C.
- First Mechanical Device used for calculation
- First Calculation Device
- Perform Basic Arithmetic Operations
NAPIER's BONES
- Invented By John Napier in 1614
- Allows operators to carry out basic calculations such as multiply, divide, square root & cube root
- Three Dimensional Structure, Technology – Rabdologia for calculation
SLIDE RULE
- Invented By William Oughtred in 1622
- Was based on Napier’s idea “Logarithm”
- Used for multiplication, divide, root, logarithm & trigonometry
- Not used for add & difference
PASCALINE
- Invented By Blaise Pascal in 1642
- Only for add & difference
- First mechanical adding machine
- Too Costly
STEPPED RECKONER
- Invented By Gottfried Wilhelm Leibnitz in 1672
- Add, Subtract, Multiply, Divide Automatically
JACQUARD LOOM
- It is also known as Card of Holes for Weaving Pattern
- Invented By Joseph Jacquard in 1801
- First Mechanical Loom
- Punched Cards were used
- Perform Basic Arithmetic Operations
ARITHMOMETER
- Invented By Thomas de Colmar in 1820
- First Commercial Calculating Machine
- Mass Produced Calculating Machine
- Perform Basic Mathematical Operations
DIFFERENCE ENGINE & ANALYTICAL ENGINE
- Invented By Charles Babbage in 1822 & 1834-1871
- To program the machine used two punch cards
- First general purpose computer
- Stored program in form of pegs/barrels
- Charles Babbage is known as “father of computer”
- Basic Arithmetic
- Decimal machine used sign and magnitude for number representation
- Augusta Ada Byron is known as “first programmer” as she had written the program for Analytical Engine and thus known as
- Augusta Ada Byron advised Charles Babbage to use binary system
SCHEUTZIAN CALCULATION ENGINE
- Invented By Per George Scheutz in 1843
- Based on Difference Engine
- First printing calculator
TABULATING MACHINE
- Invented By Herman Hollerith in 1880
- Punched Cards were used
- First electromechanical machine which was designed to process data for census in 1890
MARK 1
- Invented by Howard H.Aiken in 1943-1944
- First electromechanical computer
- Used magnetic drums for storage
- Data entered manually
Z 1
- Invented by Konrad Zuse in 1936-1938
- First programmable computer
- Punch tape reader was used
- Output generated by punch tape
ABC
- Stands for Atanasoff Berry Computer
- Invented by John Atanasoff & Cliffhord Berry in 1939-1942
- First electronic digital computing device
ENIAC
- Stands for Electronic Numerical Integrator & Calculator
- Invented by John Presper Eckert & John W.Mauchly in 1946-1950
- First electronic digital computer
- Used for weather prediction, atomic energy calculations & other scientific uses
EDVAC
- Stands for Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer
- Invented by John Von Neumann in 1952
- First stored program computer
- Memory to store data and program
- Introduced system of binary language
UNIVAC
- Stands for Universal Automatic Computer
- It is also known as EDVAC - 2
- Invented by John Presper Eckert & John W.Mauchly in 1951
- First general purpose electronic computer
- Deal both numbers & text, magnetic tape were used for input & output
EDSAC
- Stands for Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Computer
- Constructed by Maurice Wilkes on theory of EDVAC
- Second electronic digital stored-program computer
- Constructed at university of Cambridge mathematical laboratory
EMCC
- Stands for Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation
- First Computer company established by John Presper Eckert & John W.Mauchly in 1947
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