Eukaryotic cells are more complex than prokaryotic cells and are found in organisms such as plants, animals, fungi, and protists. They have a defined nucleus, which contains the cell's genetic material, and other membrane-bound organelles that carry out specific functions within the cell. The organelles include the mitochondria, which produce energy for the cell, the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, which are involved in protein synthesis and transport, and the lysosomes, which break down waste materials.
Eukaryotic cells can be single-celled or part of multicellular organisms. They are typically larger in size than prokaryotic cells, with sizes ranging from a few micrometers to several centimeters. They reproduce through the process of cell division, which can include mitosis or meiosis.
Eukaryotic cells have a cytoskeleton which gives the cells shape, and allows for movement, and also have specialized structures such as cilia and flagella for motility.
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